张寿橙
【中文摘要】 蕈,是龙庆景菇民对菇的习惯称呼。诺大的中国,唯菇民称香菇为香蕈。惊蕈,是菇民用软木拍击菌丝发育已经成熟,而未出菇的菇木,促其出菇的一种技术,全中国唯龙庆景菇民为之。1796年,佐藤成裕所著《惊蕈录》,是日本早期的最优秀的香菇栽培专著。其参考1562牛黄佐的《广东通志》而作。现证实:《广东通志》对香菇的185个字论述引自陆容(1436——1494年)的《菽园杂志》,而《菽园杂志》又引自1209年何澹的《龙泉县志》。因此,《惊蕈录》实际上是参考《龙泉县志》,也即参考龙庆景的砍花法栽培而作。从龙庆景香菇历史演变图和中、日香菇发展史简记中亦证明,自龙岩村点燃的香菇栽培星火,元、明以来即燃遍中国南方,以后又飘洋过海,影响日本。日本自伊豆开始的(钅宅)目法,从发生渊源,发生经过,史料记载、技术运用、甚至方言术语上推论,其技术无疑来自中国的龙庆景。横跨龙泉——伊豆这条香菇技术的金桥是谁搭成的呢?看来两国僧人的频繁往来作了重大的贡献。
【英文摘要】 “Xun” is the name of mushrooms that the growners in Long,Qing and Jing Counties habitually call.In such a big China only the mushroom growners do name Lentinus edodes “Xiangxan”. “Jing Xun” is a technique that the growners pat the logs,with a cork pat,in which mycelia are mature but fruit-bodies have not formed to force development of fruit- bodies.Throughout the country this is a only way of making for the growners in Long, Qing and Jing. Jing Xun Records written by Sate Seyu in 1796 is the most excellent monograph for Lentinus edodes cultivation in the early stage of Japan.He consulted Guangdonq General History by Huang Zho in 1562.Now it is confirmed that 185—character exposition for cultivating Lentinus edodes in Guangdong General History was cited from Journal of Beans Garden by Lu Rong (1436—1494).And Journal of Beans Garden was cieted from The History of Long Quan County written by He Tan in 1209.So,in fact the author of JinqXun Records refered to The History of Long Quan County...更多,namnly,to the art of log-cut Method in Long,Qing and Jing Counties. From the history of the evolution in Lentinus edodes cultivation in Long,Qing and Jing Counties and the brief records of the developing history of lentinus edodes in China and Japan it is also confirmed that the prairie fire of Lentinus edopes cultivation has flamed away in the south of China since the Yuan and Ming Dynasty when its first sparks were lit in Long Yan Village.Later it spread far away across the sea and inflenced Japan. Since Zhai Mu Method (similar to log-cut Method) started in IZu in Japan the techniques in this Method originally had come from Long,Qing and Jing of China according to its origin,process,historical data,technical utilization and even dialect terminology. Who built the golden bridge of Lentinus edodes cultivation between Long Quan and IZu?It seems that the frequent friendly intercourse of the Buddhist monks of the two countries made such great contribution. 还原
【中文关键词】 蕈; 惊蕈; 惊蕈录
【文献出处】 中国食用菌,Edible Fungi of China,编辑部邮箱,1988年03期 【DOI】CNKI:SUN:ZSYJ.0.1988-03-002