机遇总是与挑战并存
Opportunities and challenges always coexist
张树庭
香港中文大学生物系荣休讲座教授
Professor S. T. Chang
Emeritus Professor of Biology， The Chinese University of Hong Kong
主席先生，各位嘉宾，各位亲戚朋友们，各位女士，先生们：大家早！
在我八十岁的生日，能在繁荣的北京举行这个盛宴。我是从未想到的。在此我要衷心感谢李玉校长，刘自强先生及陈惠先生等的热心鼓励,推动及赞助，并得到夫人及孩子们的鼎力支持。我才能鼓起勇气来接受这个荣誉及挑战。当然更要谢谢你们大家的厚爱。共同来支持参加这个盛会。
首先我用中文讲解这个题目，再用英文简介。最后放一些幻灯片。
一个人一生的经历，不可能一帆风顺，也不是平坦大道，总是有起有伏，有喜有忧，有得有失。但是，只要坚定信心，努力不息，勇于面对及接受机遇给于的挑战，在不断求索及实践中开拓出具有个人特色的人生大道。因此，我想用“机遇总是与挑战并存”的题目与大家分享及共勉。我个人的一点小小人生经验。
大家都知道一个人的成长及在社会上的定位都与先天性及后天性的因素有关；即遗传特性及环境因素共同相互作用而成的一件“成品”。换句话说，我们大家在社会上的地位及成就，是遗传及环境共同作用的产品。同时这个产品也归功于机遇及挑战相互间的作用。我相信俗语说“机遇不会敲打你的门，你必须准备自己去找寻它并设法抓住而得益”。
说到一个人的抱负时，你必须思考，讲述及提醒自己的承担。同时，你也要很热忱的追求你的目标。因为热忱像酵母菌一样能促成你的希望。当然，你必须将你的热忱完全投入于行动。就如一般说“知识是力量” 进一步想，知识不是真正的力量，除非能将知识付诸实践。因此，行动可能遇到新机遇及新挑战。假设你能持久及耐心的接受机遇及挑战。你就能接近或达到你所希望的抱负。
我相信分享及合作的力量。我们应该明白“取与舍”，“教与学”，“讲与听”的重要性。还有，“要求他人帮忙，也要能帮助他人”，“希望他人称赞，也要懂得称赞他人”的原理及力量。我们应慷慨的与他人分享我们自己在蕈菌生物学及其产品方面所累积的经验及知识。同时，我们也应该与其它蕈菌学专家，工业家及菇农们分享最新的学术思维及开发成果。并且，我们应该加强团队精神。在非洲有句格言“一株树单独不会成为森林”。过去五十年我在科研，教学及行政工作时，我总是重视团队精神；我们共同努力工作，共同欢乐庆祝成果。我们的研究范围包括蕈菌的生活史，遗传及育种，最近十多年来，我们曾经将“蕈菌”作出一个明确的定义, 并建立“蕈菌生物学”为一门新的学科。该学科取替了“蕈菌学”。同时，将“蕈菌科学的生产”与“蕈菌生物技术的产品”及“蕈菌营养药剂”与“蕈菌健康产品”分开来解读。 最近，又确定“应用蕈菌生物学”的理论基础及实践步骤。因为蕈菌的生产及其产品在全人类福利方面，包括食品，保健，就业，经济及社会方面取得明显的成效。因此，蕈菌产业的发展及贡献，有时称为“非绿色革命”，因为蕈菌是一种“非绿色”的生物群。常言说“我跟老师们学习，也从同仁间学习，但是，我从学生们那里学的更多”。我很幸运曾有过杰出的教授们及同仁们，更有过优秀的学生们。因此，才会有今天的我。
任何科学或工业，像盖一座房屋，不是从屋顶向下盖的，如果是，当会是一件灾难性的设计。我们需要有基石。蕈菌生物学应该是蕈菌科学及蕈菌工业的基石。我们有了蕈菌生物学的理论基础，那么，高水准的蕈菌生产技术及高质量的蕈菌产品将会更加优良，更好的发展。
最后，我要表示衷心的感谢香港中文大学；我在那里工作，学习，生活了卅五年。我也要感谢轻工部、庆元、高州及其它国内的大专院校和研究所等多次邀请回国交流及讲学。同时，还有联合国机构及多国政府的邀请，使我有机会传授蕈菌学并接受种种的挑战。由于这种机遇及挑战的相互作用，才能激发我的潜在能力及勇气，而开发出真菌界中的蕈菌生物学这个小小分支。希望这个小分支将来能因你们年轻蕈菌科学家，工业家及爱好蕈菌的各界人士 (mushroomphilies)，共同努力下培养发展成一支粗大的分支或一棵强壮的大树。此为我所盼也。谢谢！
2010年9月30日 星期四
Opportunities and challenges always coexist
By Shuting Chang （张树庭）
Emeritus Professor of Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Mr. Chairman, Distinguished Guests, Dear Relatives and Friends, Ladies and Gentlemen:
GOOD MORNING!
I had never thought of, or dreamed of being able to hold a symposium of this nature in Beijing. Especially a symposium organized for the celebration of my 80th birthday. You can never image now how deeply I am touched! At this juncture, I would like to thank Professor Li Yu, Mr. Liu Ziqiang and Mr. Chen Hui for their initiative, and for organizing this historic event. I also profoundly thank my wife and our children for their wholehearted support. Certainly, I also appreciate, very much indeed, the kindness and the honour all you here have shown, to come and to attend this symposium today.
First of all, I would like to give a short talk on the topic “Opportunities and challenges always coexist”. Then I will turn to SLIDES giving some background information on myself, and on my enthusiasm on mushrooms.
This is a very special day for me. From the Slide Show I may be able to share with you some of the episodes during my 50-year journey that enabled me to assimilate bioconversion technology of lignocellulosic wastes to produce mushrooms and dietary supplements. It is impossible for a person, in his life, to run or manage everything smoothly and successfully. There are bound to be some bumps on the road; there are bound to be moments of happiness; there will be days of worries, of successes, failures, gains, and losses, even in business. That was also true with me along my road, traveling five continents, teaching mushroom biology. In the process I learnt that if you persist in your faith, endure your efforts, and bravely face the challenges created by opportunities, you can open a new road, or establish a new career, with your own unique identity, through your continuous search and action.
We may ask: Who are you? Who am I? What positions have you held in society and in the community? Often, some of these are determined by interactions within our own heredity genes, which are already fixed by our parents, and by environmental factors which will be determined by our efforts in the schools, and in the society. These efforts are achieved by interplay between opportunity and challenge. I believe in the saying that “opportunity does not knock at your door; you must prepare yourself to recognize it and catch it when it passes, so that you too can benefit from it”.
On the issue of aspiration, you must think, talk and remind yourself of your aspiration. However, you must bring into your aspiration, enthusiasm and motivation. Enthusiasm is the yeast that makes your hope rise to the achievement. You must bring your enthusiasm into total commitment and action. It is the same that they said “knowledge is power”, actually, knowledge is not real power, unless until it is put into action. Therefore, commitment is towards meeting the opportunity, and the new challenge for your aspiration. And if you pursue the challenge persistently, purposefully, and patiently, you will get closer to where you wanted to be.
I believe in the power of sharing and cooperation. We should understand the power of the principle and inspiration of “learning and enquiring”, “talking and listening” “taking and giving”, “expecting to receive help from others, and learning to give help to others”. Don’t always expect to be admired/gloried in your own achievements. One should realize the importance of admiring/ glory in others’ achievements. We should generously share with others our vast experience in the field of mushroom biology and mushroom products. We should always share the new insights with other mushroom scientists, mushroom industrial and business men, and mushroom growers. We should strengthen teamwork spirit. In Africa, they say “a single tree alone cannot make a forest”. During the past 50 years of teaching, research, and administrative responsibilities, I have always been trying to keep teamwork as the rule, and the natural force of cohesion. We sweat together, and we celebrate together. It has been said that: “I learn from my master; I learn more from my peers. But the ones who taught me the most were my students”. I have been very lucky to have had distinguished masters and peers, and excellent students’. Our investigations on mushrooms range from the study of life cycle to the application of genetics and breeding, all directed toward the improvement of mushroom strains so as to use the lignocellulosic wastes more effectively. Also traced are attempts in recent decades to define what are “mushrooms”?, and to development new disciplines — “mushroom biology” replacing “mushroomology,” “mushroom products” distinguished from “mushroom production” and “nutriceutical” from “nutraceuticals.” By blending the advances in basic biological knowledge with that of practical technology, the mushroom-based industries can have positive global impact on long-term food nutrition, health care, environmental conservation and regeneration, and economic and social change. Therefore, the significant impact of mushroom biology and mushroom-related industries on human welfare has been named a “nongreen revolution” in 1999.
Any science or industry, just like building a house, does not start from the roof down. That would be a recipe for disaster. We need a foundation. The principle of mushroom biology is considered as the foundation of mushroom science and mushroom industry. Another experience I want to share with you is that science is built up of facts, just as a house is built of stones/bricks. With a strong foundation in mushroom biology, high quality mushroom production and mushroom products should follow. Mushroom science knowledge should be distinguished from religion, magic, faith, myths or anecdotal reports (social barriers). The modern scientific evaluation is now the key in mushroom industry. We should look at facts, not just faith and belief.
Finally, I should express my sincerest gratitude to the Chinese University of Hong Kong, where I spent 35 years of my teaching and research; to the various UN Agencies who supported many of my visits to other countries; and to various Governments and Institutes who invited me to visit their countries and to deliver lectures on mushroom biology and cultivation technology. Through those visiting opportunities, my potential inspirations, talents and energies, were enhanced and activated by which inspired me to accept the challenges that arose from opportunities. Eventually I had the courage initiate and establish a small branch of science named “Mushroom Biology” within the kingdom of mycology. I sincerely hope through the continuous concert efforts from young mushroom scientists and other young mushroomphilies (those who love and work mushrooms intimately) to nurture and develop this small branch into a healthy and giant branch or even an independent tree. This is the core theme of my talk today on “opportunities are always linked with challenges”. Thank you all for your kind attention.
Thursday, 30 September 2010
